Which State has jurisdiction over the organization responsible for the final assembly of the aircraft?

The State of Manufacture has jurisdiction over the organization responsible for the final assembly of the aircraft because this state is where the aircraft is actually built and assembled. This jurisdiction includes compliance with relevant laws, regulations, and standards that govern aircraft design, manufacturing practices, safety protocols, and quality assurance measures.

When an aircraft is assembled, it is crucial that the manufacturing process meets the standards set by the applicable aviation authorities. This ensures that both operational safety and quality are maintained in the finished product. The State of Manufacture holds the responsibility for certifying that the aircraft is constructed according to the established criteria before it can move to subsequent phases, such as being registered or operated.

In contrast, the other options refer to different contexts of aircraft operations: the State of Design pertains to where the aircraft's design was approved, the State of Registry refers to where the aircraft is registered for operations, and the State of the Operator is concerned with where the entity that will operate the aircraft is based. While all these states play significant roles in the regulation and operation of aircraft, the State of Manufacture is specifically accountable for the final assembly, making it the correct choice in this context.