Who holds ultimate authority over the commission?

In the context of the commission's ultimate authority, the President of the Philippines is recognized as the highest authority within the country’s government structure. This position grants the President the power to oversee various commissions, agencies, and instrumentalities of government.

The President’s authority includes the appointment and removal of heads and members of commissions, including regulatory bodies. This central role emphasizes the executive branch's influence over agencies that require oversight to ensure compliance with national policies, laws, and regulations.

In contrast, the other choices, such as the Board of Aeronautical Engineers, typically serve specific advisory or regulatory functions but do not possess overarching authority to govern or direct the commission as a whole. The Head of the Senate and the Higher House represent legislative functions and also lack the comprehensive authority held by the President. Hence, the President’s position as the ultimate authority connects directly to executive power and responsibility, making it the correct answer in this context.